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|image = Abdus Salam 1987.jpg |image_size = 250px |caption = Abdus Salam in 1987 |birth_date = |birth_place = Jhang, Punjab, British India (now Pakistan) |death_date = |death_place = Oxford, United Kingdom |ethnicity = Punjabi |nationality = Indian (1926–1947), Pakistani (1947–1996) |spouse = |children = Anisa Bushra Salam Bajwa Aziza Rahman |son in law = Dr. Wajeeh Bajwa |fields = Theoretical physics |workplaces =PAECSUPARCOPINSTECHPunjab UniversityImperial College LondonGovernment College UniversityUniversity of CambridgeICTPCOMSATSTWASEdward Bouchet Abdus Salam Institute |alma_mater =Government College University Punjab University St John's College, Cambridge |doctoral_advisor = Nicholas Kemmer |academic_advisors = Paul Matthews |doctoral_students = Michael DuffAli ChamseddineRobert DelbourgoWalter GilbertJohn MoffatYuval Ne'emanJohn PolkinghorneRiazuddinFayyazuddinMasud AhmadPartha GhoseKamaluddin AhmedGhulam MurtazaMunir Ahmad Rashid |notable_students =Faheem HussainPervez HoodbhoyAbdul Hameed NayyarGhulam Dastagir Alam |known_for =Electroweak theoryGoldstone bosonGrand Unified TheoryHiggs mechanismMagnetic photonNeutral currentPati–Salam modelQuantum mechanicsPakistan atomic research programPakistan space programPreonStandard ModelStrong gravitySuperfieldW and Z bosons |thesis_title = Renormalisation of Quantum Field Theory |thesis_year = 1952 |influences = |influenced = |awards = Smith's Prize (1950) Adams Prize (1958) FRS (1959)〔 Sitara-e-Pakistan (1959) Hughes Medal (1964) Atoms for Peace Prize (1968) Royal Medal (1978) Nobel Prize in Physics (1979) Nishan-e-Imtiaz (1979) Jozef Stefan Medal (1980) Gold Medal for Outstanding Contributions to Physics (1981) Lomonosov Gold Medal (1983) Copley Medal (1990) Cristoforo Colombo Prize (1992) |signature = AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.gif |footnotes = }} Mohammad Abdus Salam〔 Salam adopted the forename "Mohammad" in 1974 in response to the anti-Ahmadiyya decrees in Pakistan, similarly he grew his beard.〕 〔This is the standard transliteration (e.g. see the (ICTP Website ) and (Nobel Bio )). Other transliterations include Abdus Salam; see Abd as-Salam for more details.〕 (Punjabi, ; ; 29 January 192621 November 1996), was a Pakistani theoretical physicist. Salam, a major figure in 20th century theoretical physics, shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics with Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg for his contribution to the landmark electroweak unification. He was the first (and until Malala Yousufzai the only) Pakistani to receive a Nobel Prize , the first Muslim to win a Nobel prize in science and the second Muslim Nobel Laureate(after Anwar Sadat of Egypt). Salam was a top level science advisor to the Government of Pakistan from 1960 to 1974, a position from which he played a major and influential role in the development of the country's science infrastructure.〔〔 Salam was responsible not only for contributing to major developments in theoretical and particle physics, but also for promoting the broadening and deepening of high calbre scientific research in his country.〔 He was the founding director of the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), and responsible for the establishment of the Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) in the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC). As Science Advisor, Salam played an integral role in Pakistan's development of the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and may have contributed as well to development of atomic bomb project of Pakistan in 1972; for this, he is viewed as the "scientific father"〔〔 of this programme. In 1974, Abdus Salam departed from his country, in protest, after the Pakistan Parliament passed a controversial parliamentary bill declaring the Ahmadiyya Community as not-Islamic. In 1998, following the country's nuclear tests, the Government of Pakistan issued a commemorative stamp, as a part of "Scientists of Pakistan", to honour the services of Salam. Salam's major and notable achievements include the Pati–Salam model, magnetic photon, vector meson, Grand Unified Theory, work on supersymmetry and, most importantly, electroweak theory, for which he was awarded the most prestigious award in physics – the Nobel Prize.〔 Salam made a major contribution in quantum field theory and in the advancement of Mathematics at Imperial College London. With his student, Riazuddin, Salam made important contributions to the modern theory on neutrinos, neutron stars and black holes, as well as the work on modernising the quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. As a teacher and science promoter, Salam is remembered as a founder and scientific father of mathematical and theoretical physics in Pakistan during his term as the chief scientific advisor to the president.〔Abdus Salam, As I Know him: Riazuddin, NCP〕 Salam heavily contributed to the rise of Pakistani physics to the physics community in the world. Even until shortly before his death, Salam continued to contribute to physics and tirelessly to advocate for the development of science in Third-World countries. ==Biography== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abdus Salam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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